1. Kev txhais thiab cov haujlwm tseem ceeb
Av Sensor yog ib qho cuab yeej ntse uas saib xyuas cov av ib puag ncig hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag los ntawm kev siv lub cev lossis tshuaj. Nws qhov tseem ceeb saib xyuas qhov ntev muaj xws li:
Kev saib xyuas dej: Volumetric dej ntsiab lus (VWC), matrix peev xwm (kPa)
Lub cev thiab tshuaj muaj zog: hluav taws xob conductivity (EC), pH, REDOX peev xwm (ORP)
Kev tsom xam cov zaub mov: Nitrogen, phosphorus thiab potassium (NPK) cov ntsiab lus, cov organic teeb meem concentration
Thermodynamic tsis: av kub profile (0-100cm gradient ntsuas)
Cov cim qhia txog kev lom neeg: kev ua haujlwm ntawm microbial (CO₂ tus pa ua pa)
Thib ob, kev tsom xam ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb
Moisture sensor
TDR hom (lub sij hawm sau reflectometry): electromagnetic yoj tawm lub sij hawm ntsuas (qhov tseeb ± 1%, ntau yam 0-100%)
FDR hom (frequency domain reflection): Capacitor permittivity detection (tus nqi qis, xav tau kev ntsuas tsis tu ncua)
Neutron sojntsuam: Hydrogen moderated neutron suav (laboratory qib raug, hluav taws xob tso cai yuav tsum tau)
Multi-parameter composite sojntsuam
5-in-1 sensor: Moisture + EC + kub + pH + Nitrogen (IP68 tiv thaiv, saline-alkali corrosion kuj)
Spectroscopic sensor: Ze infrared (NIR) nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nrhiav pom cov organic teeb meem (nrhiav txwv 0.5%)
Kev siv thev naus laus zis tshiab
Cov pa roj carbon nanotube electrode: EC ntsuas kev daws teeb meem txog 1μS / cm
Microfluidic nti: 30 vib nas this kom ua tiav qhov kev tshawb pom sai ntawm nitrate nitrogen
Thib peb, kev lag luam daim ntawv thov scenarios thiab cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi
1. Kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb ntse (pob kws hauv Iowa, Tebchaws Asmeskas)
Deployment scheme:
Ib qhov chaw saib xyuas qhov profile txhua 10 hectares (20/50/100cm peb-theem)
Wireless networking (LoRaWAN, kis nrug deb 3km)
Kev txiav txim siab ntse:
Irrigation trigger: Pib drip irrigation thaum VWC <18% ntawm 40cm qhov tob
fertilization sib txawv: Dynamic hloov ntawm nitrogen daim ntawv thov raws li EC tus nqi sib txawv ntawm ± 20%
Cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig:
Dej txuag 28%, kev siv nitrogen nce 35%
Kev nce ntawm 0.8 tons ntawm pob kws ib hectare
2. Kev saib xyuas kev tswj xyuas desertification (Sahara Fringe Ecological Restoration Project)
Sensor array:
Kev saib xyuas lub rooj dej (piezoresistive, 0-10MPa ntau)
Ntsev pem hauv ntej taug qab (high-density EC sojntsuam nrog 1mm electrode spacing)
Tus qauv ceeb toom ntxov:
Desertification Performance index = 0.4 × (EC> 4dS / m) + 0.3 × (organic teeb meem <0.6%) + 0.3 × ( dej ntsiab lus <5%)
Cov txiaj ntsig kev tswj hwm:
Cov nroj tsuag tau nce los ntawm 12% mus rau 37%
62% txo qis hauv qhov chaw salinity
3. Geological kev ceeb toom txog kev puas tsuaj (Shizuoka Prefecture, Nyiv Landslide Monitoring Network)
Saib xyuas qhov system:
Sab hauv txoj kab nqes: pore dej siab sensor (ntau 0-200kPa)
Nto hloov: MEMS dipmeter (kev daws teeb meem 0.001 °)
Thaum ntxov ceeb toom algorithm:
Cov dej nag tseem ceeb: av saturation> 85% thiab dej nag ib teev> 30mm
Kev khiav hauj lwm tus nqi: 3 teev sib law liag> 5mm / h ua rau lub tswb liab
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv:
Peb qhov av qeeg tau ceeb toom ua tiav xyoo 2021
Lub sij hawm teb thaum muaj xwm ceev txo mus rau 15 feeb
4. Kev kho qhov chaw tsis huv (Kev kho cov hlau hnyav hauv Ruhr Industrial Zone, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees)
Kev kuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem:
XRF Fluorescence Sensor: Lead / cadmium / Arsenic hauv qhov chaw kuaj pom (ppm raug)
REDOX muaj peev xwm saw: Saib xyuas cov txheej txheem bioremediation
Intelligent tswj:
Phytoremediation yog qhib thaum lub arsenic concentration poob qis dua 50ppm
Thaum lub peev xwm yog> 200mV, txhaj tshuaj electron pub txhawb microbial degradation
Cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm:
Lead pollution raug txo los ntawm 92%
Kho lub voj voog txo los ntawm 40%
4. Kev lag luam evolution
Miniaturization thiab array
Nanowire sensors (<100nm nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla) pab kom ib tsob nroj hauv paus saib xyuas
Slexible hluav taws xob daim tawv nqaij (300% stretch) ADAPTS rau av deformation
Multimodal perceptual fusion
Av zoo nkauj inversion los ntawm acoustic yoj thiab hluav taws xob conductivity
Thermal pulse method ntsuas dej conductivity (qhov tseeb ± 5%)
AI tsav kev txawj ntse analytics
Convolutional neural networks txheeb xyuas hom av (98% raug)
Digital ntxaib simulate nutrient migration
5. Cov ntaub ntawv thov: Dub av tiv thaiv project nyob rau sab qaum teb Tuam Tshoj
Saib xyuas network:
100,000 teeb ntawm sensors npog 5 lab acres ntawm thaj av
3D database ntawm "moisture, fertility thiab compactness" nyob rau hauv 0-50cm av txheej tau tsim
Txoj cai tiv thaiv:
Thaum cov organic teeb meem <3%, straw sib sib zog nqus tig yog yuav tsum tau
Av qhov ntom ntom> 1.35g / cm³ ua rau kev ua haujlwm subsoiling
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv:
Qhov poob ntawm cov av dub txheej poob los ntawm 76%
Qhov nruab nrab yield ntawm soybeans ib mu nce 21%
Cov pa roj carbon khaws cia tau nce 0.8 tons / ha ib xyoos
Xaus
Los ntawm "kev ua liaj ua teb empirical" mus rau "cov ntaub ntawv ua liaj ua teb," cov av sensors tau hloov kho txoj kev uas tib neeg tham rau thaj av. Nrog rau kev sib sib zog nqus ntawm MEMS cov txheej txheem thiab Internet ntawm Tej yam thev naus laus zis, kev saib xyuas av yuav ua tiav qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm nanoscale spatial daws teeb meem thiab feeb-theem lub sij hawm teb yav tom ntej. Hauv kev teb rau cov teeb meem xws li kev ruaj ntseg khoom noj hauv ntiaj teb thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm ecological, cov "tsim nyob ntsiag to" no yuav txuas ntxiv muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txhawb nqa thiab txhawb txoj kev txawj ntse thiab kev tswj hwm lub ntiaj teb saum npoo av.
Post lub sij hawm: Feb-17-2025