Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tshiab qhia txog yuav ua li cas cov pa phem los ntawm tib neeg cov haujlwm cuam tshuam rau lawv lub peev xwm nrhiav paj
Ntawm txhua txoj kev uas tibneeg coob coob, cov pa tsheb uas seem tshuav dai rau hauv huab cua, ntawm lawv yog cov nitrogen oxides thiab ozone. Cov pa phem no, uas kuj raug tso tawm los ntawm ntau lub chaw lag luam thiab cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, ntab saum huab cua tau ntau teev mus txog ntau xyoo. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau paub ntev lawm tias cov tshuaj no ua rau tib neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo. Tab sis tam sim no, muaj ntau cov pov thawj qhia tias cov pa phem no kuj ua rau lub neej nyuaj rau cov kab thiab cov nroj tsuag uas vam khom lawv.
Cov pa phem sib txawv ua rau cov tshuaj uas ua rau paj tsw qab, hloov pauv qhov ntau thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas cuam tshuam tus kab pollinator lub peev xwm nrhiav paj. Ntxiv nrog rau kev nrhiav cov cim pom xws li cov duab lossis xim ntawm paj, cov kab vam khom rau "daim ntawv qhia ntxhiab," kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab tshwj xeeb rau txhua hom paj, kom nrhiav tau lawv cov nroj tsuag xav tau. Cov ozone hauv av thiab cov nitrogen oxides ua rau cov tshuaj tsw qab ntawm paj, tsim cov tshuaj tshiab uas ua haujlwm sib txawv.
"Nws yog qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tsw ntxhiab uas cov kab tab tom nrhiav," Ben Langford, tus kws tshawb fawb txog huab cua rau UK Center for Ecology and Hydrology uas tshawb fawb txog qhov teeb meem no hais.
Cov kab uas ua rau paj tawg paj kawm txog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg uas paj tso tawm nrog hom paj ntawd thiab nws cov khoom qab zib. Thaum cov tshuaj no sib cuag nrog cov pa phem uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau, cov tshuaj ua rau hloov pauv tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm paj thiab qhov sib piv ntawm txhua hom molecule, ua rau hloov pauv ntxhiab tsw.
Cov kws tshawb fawb paub tias ozone tawm tsam ib hom carbon bond uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm paj. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nitrogen oxides yog qhov tsis meej, thiab nws tseem tsis tau meej meej tias cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm paj ua li cas nrog hom tshuaj no. "Daim ntawv qhia tsw no tseem ceeb heev rau cov kab pollinators, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kab pollinators uas ya mus los," James Ryalls, tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm University of Reading hais. "Piv txwv li, muaj qee cov kab bumblebees uas tsuas pom paj thaum lawv nyob tsawg dua ib 'meter' ntawm paj, yog li tsw tseem ceeb heev rau lawv rau kev nrhiav zaub mov."
Langford thiab lwm tus tswv cuab ntawm nws pab neeg tau pib nkag siab tias ozone hloov pauv cov duab ntawm paj li cas. Lawv siv lub qhov cua thiab cov sensors los ntsuas cov qauv ntawm cov ntxhiab tsw uas paj tsim thaum lawv tso lawv cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb. Cov kws tshawb fawb tom qab ntawd tso tawm ozone ntawm ob qhov concentration, ib qho zoo ib yam li qhov UK tau ntsib thaum lub caij ntuj sov thaum cov ozone siab dua, mus rau hauv lub qhov nrog cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm paj. Lawv pom tias ozone noj cov npoo ntawm cov paj, ua rau qhov dav thiab ntev luv dua.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv qhov kev xav ntawm cov muv hu ua proboscis extension. Ib yam li tus dev Pavlov, uas yuav qaub ncaug thaum lub tswb noj hmo nrov, cov muv yuav nthuav ib feem ntawm lawv lub qhov ncauj uas ua haujlwm ua lub raj pub mov, hu ua proboscis, los teb rau qhov tsw uas lawv cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom plig qab zib. Thaum cov kws tshawb fawb tau muab cov muv no nrog cov ntxhiab uas lawv feem ntau yuav hnov rau meters ntawm lub paj, lawv tau nthuav lawv cov proboscis tawm 52 feem pua ntawm lub sijhawm. Qhov no txo qis mus rau 38 feem pua ntawm lub sijhawm rau cov tshuaj tsw qab uas sawv cev rau qhov tsw 12 meters ntawm lub paj.
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lawv siv cov kev hloov pauv tib yam rau cov ntxhiab tsw uas yuav tshwm sim hauv cov plua plav uas raug rhuav tshem los ntawm ozone, cov muv tsuas teb 32 feem pua ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm rau-meter cim thiab 10 feem pua ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm 12-meter cim. "Koj pom cov kev poob qis heev ntawm cov muv uas tuaj yeem paub txog cov ntxhiab tsw," Langford hais.
Feem ntau ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog qhov teeb meem no tau ua nyob rau hauv chaw kuaj mob, tsis yog nyob rau hauv thaj teb lossis qhov chaw nyob ntawm kab. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem kev paub no, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm University of Reading tau teeb tsa cov twj tso kua mis uas thawb ozone lossis diesel pa tawm mus rau hauv cov ntu ntawm thaj teb nplej. Cov kev sim teeb tsa hauv 26-foot qhib cua nplhaib pab cov kws tshawb fawb soj ntsuam cov teebmeem ntawm huab cua ua qias tuaj rau ntau hom kab pollinators.
Ib pab neeg tshawb fawb tau saib xyuas cov nroj tsuag mustard hauv cov phiaj xwm kom pom cov kab tsuag tuaj xyuas. Qee lub chaw muaj cov pa roj diesel uas raug tso tawm hauv qab EPA cov qauv huab cua zoo. Hauv cov chaw ntawd, muaj kev txo qis txog li 90 feem pua ntawm cov kab uas nrhiav tau paj uas lawv vam khom rau zaub mov. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov nroj tsuag mustard siv hauv kev tshawb fawb, txawm hais tias yog cov paj uas tuaj yeem ...
Cov kev tshawb pom no qhia tau hais tias cov kab uas ua rau cov kab tsuag lawv tus kheej ntsib teeb meem tshwj xeeb vim yog qib kev ua qias tuaj ntawm huab cua tam sim no. Tab sis thaum ua haujlwm ua ke nrog lwm yam teeb meem uas cov kab no ntsib, kev ua qias tuaj ntawm huab cua yuav tsim teeb meem hauv
Peb muaj peev xwm muab cov sensors los ntsuas ntau yam roj
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-08-2024